This book presents major advances in high performance computing as well as major advances due to high performance computing. It contains a collection of papers in which results achieved in the collaboration of scientists from computer science, mathematics, physics, and mechanical engineering are presented. From the science problems to the mathematical algorithms and on to the effective implementation of these algorithms on massively parallel and cluster computers we present state-of-the-art methods and technology as well as exemplary results in these fields. This book shows that problems which seem superficially distinct become intimately connected on a computational level.
High performance computing has changed the way in which science progresses. During the last 20 years the increase in computing power, the development of effective algorithms, and the application of these tools in the area of physics and engineering has been decisive in the advancement of our technological world. These abilities have allowed to treat problems with a complexity which had been out of reach for analytical approaches. While the increase in performance of single processes has been immense the increase of massive parallel computing as well as the advent of cluster computers has opened up the possibilities to study realistic systems. This book presents major advances in high performance computing as well as major advances due to high performance computing. The progress made during the last decade rests on the achievements in three distinct science areas.